Egypt
Egypt is the most economically developed country in North Africa.
Agriculture has ceased to be the country's main source of income. Almost all the land suitable for agriculture is located in the Nile Delta region, and peasant plots are small. All the main agricultural crops of Egypt are grown in the valley of the Nile River. The share of agricultural products in Egypt's exports is 15.4%. Wheat, corn, rice, cotton, sugar beet, sugar cane are grown.
Egypt's main export product is oil. The main oil deposits are located in the area of the Sinai Peninsula and the Gulf of Suez. In addition to oil reserves, the country has natural gas reserves in the Nile Delta basin and exports it via the "Arab" gas pipeline to Israel, Jordan and Syria. In 2005, Egypt began exporting liquefied natural gas (LNG), which allowed it to take the sixth place in the world in terms of gas exports. There are two LNG plants operating in the country.
In 2009, the first development of a gold deposit in the history of modern Egypt began.
The manufacturing industry is also developing. Televisions, refrigerators are produced, and car assembly companies are operating. Metallurgy does not play a significant role, the bulk of the demand for steel is covered by imports.
The main part of the electricity generated is at thermal power plants running on oil. Hydropower resources are important.
Of particular importance to the economy is the Suez Canal transport system, which includes not only the canal and infrastructure, but also several oil pipelines that expand its capabilities.