Colombia

Colombia is an industrial and agrarian country. Colombia's GDP is the fourth largest among Latin American countries.

Oil is Colombia's main export commodity and accounts for 45% of total exports. The IT industry is developing faster in the country than in all other countries of the world; Colombia has the longest fiber-optic network in Latin America. Colombia is the second largest producer of electronics and home appliances in Latin America, second only to Mexico.

22.7% of people of working age are employed in agriculture. Land suitable for cultivation occupies a fifth of the country's territory. Cassava, rice, potatoes, cotton, cocoa beans and sugar cane are grown. Bananas are grown on plantations on the Caribbean coast. Colombia is almost completely meeting its food needs. One of the main exports is coffee, the production of which Colombia ranks 3rd in the world. The share of agricultural products in Colombia's exports reaches 23.5%.

Animal husbandry is mainly represented by small farms, about 400 thousand farms. The number of cattle in the country is approximately 24 million. Colombia is one of the leading countries in South America for buffaloes. Colombia has positive conditions for the development of fisheries. The country is washed by the waters of the Pacific Ocean and the Caribbean Sea. However, fishing is rather poorly developed here. A significant part of fish products is exported. Marine fishing in Colombia is conducted for tuna, shrimp, whitefish, anchovies and herring. Freshwater fishing is carried out on the Magdalena, Orinoco and Amazon rivers, and salmon aquaculture is actively developing.

18.7% of people of working age are employed in industry. The country is rich in minerals. Colombia accounts for 90% of the world's emeralds.

In the 1950s, oil reserves were discovered in Colombia. The volume of oil production in 2017 is estimated at 866 thousand barrels per day, which puts Colombia on the 23rd place in the world in this indicator.

There are huge reserves of coal (17 billion tons), most of them are in the El Serrejon field. Gold, iron and copper ores are also mined.

Manufacturing accounts for 19% of GDP. The main products of the manufacturing industry are food, textiles, chemicals, machinery and equipment, and energy.

The country's total energy reserves are estimated at 7,254 billion tons (in coal equivalent). At the end of 2019, the country's electric power industry, in accordance with EES EAEC data, is characterized by the following indicators. The net installed capacity of power plants is 19,009 MW, including: thermal power plants burning organic fuels – 36.2%, renewable energy sources - 63.8%.

Export items: oil, coffee, coal, nickel, emeralds, bananas. Export partners: USA, Venezuela, Ecuador. Import items: industrial products, transport products, paper, electricity. Import partners: USA, Mexico, China, Brazil, Venezuela.